Johan hordenfalk



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OTTO WILHELM KLAS-JOHAN NORDENFALK, OF LINKOPING, SWEDEN.

BOOK-COVER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 381,846, datedApril 24, 1888.-

Application filed April 8, 1887. Serial No. 234,165. (ModeL) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OTTO WILHELM KLAS- JOHAN NORDENFALK, a subject of the King of Sweden, and a resident of Linkoping, Province of Oestergotland, Sweden, have invented Book-Covers of Metal Sheets, of which the following is a specification.

, The object of this invention is to afford a metallic book-cover of special construction and of great strength and durability.

Instead of using materials of which covers now in use are made, I substitute therefor metal sheets. Each half of the cover consists ot'a plate which may be ornamented in a variety of manners, as by nickeling, engraving,

pressing, lithographing, japanning, and the like, and the cover may be made of a thinner or a thicker plate, according as it is desired to have it more or less rigid or more orless flexible, or to be made lighter or heavier, as may be required'for the kind of book to which it may be applied.

On the annexed drawings, Figure 1 represents the inner side of such a plate-cover. Fig. 2 is a section after the line 00 m, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows the two halves of a cover connected toa back and viewed from the upper edge, and Fig. 4 is a cross-section of an open book bound in such a cover.

In employing the said covers in bookbinding the mode of operation is as follows: The plates a, cut to a suitable size, are folded inward on three of their edges, andon the fourth edge, which should be one of the long sides, they are provided with alongitudinal fold, b, at a short distance from the edge, by which the part c of the plate next to this edge will be situated in another plane than the other surface of the plate. Then either a number of rivet holes, or a number of prongs or catches, d, are cut out in this part of the plate, whereafter the part of the plate being behind these holes or prongs is folded so that a fold, g, is formed on the outer side of the plate. Two plates prepared in this manner are then joined by an outer back, 6, consisting of a strip of cloth, skin, parchment, or other flexible material, the long sides of which are inserted in the fold of each plate, which fold is then pressed together so as to pinch the outer back. Then the back of the book to be bound is provided with an inner back consisting of a strip of cloth, skin, or other flexible material, the long sides of which project a little out of the back of the book. These long sides now are passed upon the prongs d, which are then pressed down again, whereby the book is retained to the cover by its inner back.

If the cover be provided with rivctholes in stead of prongs, the inner back is secured to the cover by means of rivets or plate-strips or wire traversing the rivet-holes and the inner back. Finally, in order to effect a still stronger connection between the cover and both backs, those parts of the latter which come in direct contact with the cover itself may be covered with some paste or binding agent. On the other side prongs as well as rivet-holes may be dispensed with,and the back may be simply united with the cover by some suitable binding agent, although the connec tion in this event will of course not be so durable.

The inner sides of the covers may be lined with paper or such like material, so as to have a more attractive appearance.

It is evident that a double row of prongs or rivet-holes may be made on the cover, so that the part of the outer back which is inserted in the folds may be united with it in the same manneras the inner one. In the manufacture of big account-books, for instance, it is evident that if the covers are to be made of a greater thickness they do not necessarily re quire a thicker plate, but may be obtained by adding some pasteboard, or such like material. Such covers and bindings are much stronger than those in common use, and cannot be damaged by breaking, or easily defaced by careless handling, and the covers cannot be so easily torn off or otherwiseinjured in using the book. These properties render these covers and bindings very suitable for such books as are in constant or ,very frequent use-as, for instance,school-books, depositors books, notebooks, &c.

Having now particularly described and as certained the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim'is 1. As a substitute for ordinary bookcovers, a cover composed of two metal plates, each having. a retroverted outwardly turned fold, g,

such plates being connected togetherby a fiexiand secured to a book having an inner back, ble back, 6, clamped under and by such folds f, with long projecting sides, all substantially and covering the retroverted part, the folds as set forth.

having prongs d, or their described equiva- In testimony whereoflhave signed my name 15 lent, for the purpose setforth. to this specification in the presence of two sub- 2. Ametallic book-binding composed of two scribing witnesses.

covers or plates, a each havingafold 9, turned L my Outward and connected by a flexible back, I 01710 ILHDLM IxLAS JOIIAN )OPDEMATh.

e, clamped by and outwardly covering both such folds, and each provided with prongs d, or their described equivalent, combined with Witnesses:

FREDRIK STANGGREN, J. H. KINDTZ. 

